Method of and apparatus for forming marcel waves



May s, 1928. 1,668,836 I C. S. ACKLEY METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING MARCEL WAVES Filed D80. 30. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR C/mr/es 6. Ac/r/qy Patented May 8, 1928.

CHARLES S. ACKLE Y, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

' METHOD 01' AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING MARCEL WAVES.

Application filed December 30, 1926. Serial No. 157,915.

This invention relates to apparatus for and methods of producing or placing waves in hair.

More particularly stated, the invention relates to a method of and apparatus for forming Marcel waves.

Various methods have been employed for placing Marcel waves in hair. All ofsuch methods now in use require great care and skillful hand manipulation. Furthermore, the Marcel waves produced are temporary and are not lasting or permanent in the sense that this term is used in the art.

This invention has for its object to provide a device or apparatus for placing a permanent Marcel wave in hair.

Another object of the invention is to provide a certain practical and inexpensive method of forming Marcel waves.

Another object of the invention is to provide apparatus of the character described so constructed that no great skill is required on the part of the user to accomplish the desired result.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following specification taken in connection with the drawings, which form a part of this application, and in which Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a. device constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 ism-view taken at right angles to Fig. 1 and partly in section;

Figs. 3, 4.. and 5 are transverse sectional elevations on an enlarged scale showing the construction of the device;

' Fig. 6 is an elevational View illustrating the invention in the form of an attachment;

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional elevation on an enlarged scale taken substantially on line 77 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing av plurality of strands of hair wound on the apparatus;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8, but

showing the reverse side of the device; and

Fig. 10 illustrates the form of wave produced by the apparatus.

The invention briefly described consists of a device for forming Marcel waves in hair and the device comprises a heatlng member,

such as a rod or tube, heated in any suitable manner and means carried by said member and around which the hair is wound for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting the spaced portions in $1 0. 1 a 1118/11 within the '30 being spaced from the inner surface of ner that Marcel waves will be formed there- 1n. In the particular form of the invention shown, the spacing and supporting means compr ses aplurality of spaced, transversely extending elements. Further details of the invention will appear from the following description.

In the form of the invention illustrated,

the heating device comprises an elongated,

perforated sleeve 20 having its ends closed by plugs 21 and 22. element 25 is enclosed within and insulated from a tube 26, the terminals 27 and 28 of the heating element extending through the plu 22. 1

T e tube 26 has a covering 30 of absorbent An electric heating material, such as asbestos, and the heating element, tube and covering are all mounted perforated sleeve 20, the covering the sleeve.

The plug 21 ha mounted thereon a spring having one end 36 bent inwardly and engaging a notch in the plug. The other end {57 of the spring is bent outwardly asshown in Fig. 5.

A ring 40 is mounted on the outer surface of the spring 35 and has annular notches 41 formed on its inner surface. These notches are adapted to be engaged by the end 37. of the spring and from the showing in Fig. 5, it will be noted that the ring 40 can be rotated in a clockwise direction, but rotation in the opposite direction is prevented by the engagement of the end 37 of the spring 35 in one of the notches 41. I

A clip 43 is hinged at 44 to lugs 45 carried by the ring 40 and the opposite end of the clip 43 is adapted to be engaged by a pair of lugs 46 also carried by the ring.

An insulating projection or button 50 is carried by the outer end of the plug 21 for the purpose of preventing any hot portions of the curling rod or heater ,from contacting with the scalp of the person whose hair is wave. In order to accomplish this latter result, there is superimposed upon the outer surface of the sleeve 30, a device for separating spaced portions of the hair or adjacent turns of the hair and for supporting such portions in spaced relation ,and in such a manner that the waves will be formed in tiers or, in other words, a Marcel wave will be formed.

The marcel forming device may be permanently aflixed to the sleeve 20 or may \be in the form of an attachment which can be detachably mounted on the sleeve.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the marcel forming device is shown as fixedly secured at its ends'51 and 51 to the sleeve 20. The device as shown is formed of wire and this wire is bent alternately in opposite directions as shown at 52 and 53, the portions 54 between the bends being disposed substantially parallel and of such length that the bends 52 and 53 extend beyond the sleeve 20 at each side thereof.

In order to secure the free ends of the strands of hair on the marcel device, a clip 60 is slidably mounted on the device as shown in Fig. 4. The ends 61 and 62 of the clip are bent under the turns of Wire and the outer surface of the clip is slit as shown at and 66 to form a spring clip 67 which is adapted to press down on the hair and secure it in position.

In Figs. 6 and 7 it will be noted that the marcel device is formed as an attachment and has clips 70 and 71 at its opposite ends adapted to embrace a portion of the circumference of the sleeve 20 and secure the device on the sleeve. In order to prevent the marceldevice from turning, an inwardly extending projection 72 is formed at the central portion of the clip 7 0 and is adapted to extend into one of the perforations of the sleeve.

The use of the device is illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 and will now be briefly described.

The device is first dipped in water or in a suitable liquid" to moisten the absorbent covering 30. A plurality of strands of hair is grouped together and the strands are secured beneath the clip 43 adjacent the scalp. The strands are then Wound around the sleeve 20 and the marcel device which is superimposed on the sleeve in the manner shown in Fig. 8 wherein it will be seen that adjacent turns A, B, C and so'forth of the hair are spaced apart and are supported by the spaced parallel portions 54 of the marcel device. It will be noted that the spaced portions of the hair which are supported on and extend across the parallel portions 54: of the marcel device are diagonally disposed with reference to the heating device and marcel attachment.

After the strands have been entirely wound on the device, the clip 60 is moved on the marcel device to a position in which it will engage the free ends of the strands, thus securing the strands in position. Then the operator will grasp the clip 43 and will turn the remaining portion of the heater or curling rod in an anti-clockwise direction, viewing Fig. 5. thus tightening the coil of hair.

lVhen the heating element is connected into the electric circuit and the heat is applied, the moisture in the absorbent material 30 will beforced outwardly through the hair and the hair will then be dried by the heat, thus setting the wave. After the wave is set, the clip 60 is moved away from the hair to free the ends thereof and the hair is then unwound from the device and combed out in the usual manner and it will be found that a Marcel wave has been formed therein.

Although certain specific embodiments of the invention have been particularly shown and described, it will be understood that the invention is capable of modification and that changes in the construction and in the arrangement of the various cooperating parts may be madewithout departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, as expressed in the following claims.

What I claim is:

1. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, and means mounted on the outer surface of the member and substantially tangent thereto for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns.

2. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, and means mounted on the outer surface of the member and substantially tangent thereto for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns in spaced relation with respect to the heating member.

3. Apparatus for placinga Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, and means comprising a plurality of transverse, spaced members disposed over the outer surface of the member for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting I adj acent turns.

4. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, and means comprising a plurality of transverse, spaced, sub tantially parallel members disposed over the outer surface of the member for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns.

5. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, a device secured on the outer sur face of the member for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns, and means for securing the ends of the hair to said device.

6. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be adjustable means for securing the ends of the hair to said device.

7. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, a device secured on the outer surface of the member for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns, and slidable means for securing the ends of the hair to said device.

8. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, a device secured on the outer surface of the member for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns, and means on said device for securing the ends of the hair to said device.

9. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, a device secured on the outer surface of the member for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns, and adjustable means on said device for securing the ends of the hair to said device.

10. Apparatus for placing a'Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, a device secured on the outer surface of the member for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns, and slidable means on said device for securing the ends of the hair to said device.

11. Apparatus for placing a Marcel wave in hair comprising a member adapted to be heated, a device secured on the outer surface of the member for spacing adjacent turns of the hair and supporting adjacent turns, and adjustable, resilient means for securing the ends of the hair to said device.

12. Apparatus for placing a wave in hair comprising an elongated sleeve, and a device superimposed on said sleeve and having spaced portions disposed transversely of the sleeve.

13. Apparatus for placing a wave in hair comprising a perforated sleeve, steam producing means within said sleeve and a device superimposed on said sleeve and having equally spaced portions disposed transversely of the sleeve.

14:. A Marcel waving device adapted for use with a. curling device, said Marcel waving device having a plurality of spaced portions adapted to separate and support portions of successive turns of a coil of hair,

and means on said Marcel waving device for securing the said device to a curling device.

15. A Marcel waving device formed of wire and comprising a plurality of spaced portions connected together at their ends by curved connecting portions and clips carried by said device adapted to embrace a curling device and to secure the waving device thereto.

16. A method of forming :1. Marcel wave in hair which consists in holding spaced portions of the hair diagonally across and spaced from the axis of an elongated curling or heating member and applying moist heat to the hair from said member.

17. A method of forming a Marcel wave in hair which consists in holding spaced portions of the hair diagonally across and in a plane superimposed on the outer surface of a heating member.

18. A method of forming a Marcel wave in hair which consists in holding spaced portions of the hair diagonally across and spaced from the outer surface of a heating member.

19. A method of forming a Marcel wave in hair which consists in holding spaced portions of the hair across and in a plane superimposed on the outer surface of a heating member and spaced from the outer surface of the heating member.

20. A method of forming a Marcel wave which consists of holding spaced portions of the hair substantially flat and steaming the hair when so held.

' 21. A method of forming a Marcel wave which consists of holding spaced portions of successive turns of a coil of hair substantially flat and steaming the hair when so held.

22. ,A method of forming a Marcel wave which consists of holding spaced portions of successive turns of a coil of hair substantially flat and steaming the hair from within the coil when so held.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 27th day of December, 1926.

CHARLES s. ACKLEY. 

